How RV AC Sizing Actually Works
House calculators start from square footage because houses are insulated. An RV is a thin aluminum-and-foam box (R-4 to R-9 walls versus R-13+ in a house) with a roof that sits in direct sun all day - so our calculator computes a real heat balanceinstead: conduction through the walls, roof, windows, and floor at your climate's design temperature; a sol-air temperature bump on the roof of up to 35°F in full sun; solar radiation through the glass; air leakage (RVs leak 1-2 full air changes per hour); and the heat your people and appliances put out. A 10% pull-down allowance on top covers recovering a rig that heat-soaked all afternoon.
The result is matched to real rooftop sizes with one more correction most guides skip: rooftop units lose 6-12% of their rated capacity when it's 100°F+ outside - exactly when you need them most. That's why the calculator sometimes recommends 15,000 BTU in Phoenix for a rig that gets by on 13,500 in Michigan. All the U-values, sol-air temperatures, and derating factors are published in our methodology.
The Short-Cycling Trap: Why Bigger Fails Sooner
The most common RV AC mistake is putting a 15,000 BTU unit on a 22-foot trailer. It cools the small space so fast the thermostat clicks off within minutes, then back on, then off - short cycling. Each restart is the hardest moment of a compressor's life, so the unit accumulates thousands of extra starts per season and dies years early. Worse, an AC only dehumidifies while it runs; short cycles leave the rig cold but clammy. A correctly sized 13,500 runs long, steady cycles that wring the moisture out and spread wear over far fewer starts. This is a big part of why some factory units fail in 3-5 years while a properly matched unit runs for decades.
Power: 30-Amp, Generators, and Soft Starts
Sizing the AC is only half the buying decision - you also have to start it. A 13,500 BTU compressor surges 55-70 amps for a split second at startup (65-85A for a 15,000), which is what actually dictates generator size: roughly 3,000W for a 13,500 and 3,600W for a 15,000. A soft start module (like the MicroAir EasyStart) ramps the compressor up gradually and cuts that surge to 25-35 amps - suddenly a 2,200W inverter generator, or even a solar battery bank, can run the AC. If you boondock, budget for the soft start as part of the AC purchase.
On shore power: one AC runs fine on a 30-amp pedestal; two units require 50-amp service (or an energy-management system that alternates them). For battery-powered camping, the new inverter-driven variable-speed units are the game changer - they modulate output instead of slamming on and off, roughly halving average power draw.
Ducted vs. Ductless, and the $15 Fix Worth Trying First
If your rig has ceiling vents in multiple rooms, buy the ducted version of the unit so cold air reaches the bedroom; short single-room rigs are fine with a ductlessunit that dumps air straight down from the ceiling assembly. And before replacing a unit that's "weak and loud": pull the interior shroud and inspect the plenum. Factory installs routinely leave gaps that let cold supply air leak straight back into the hot return. Sealing the plenum with foil tape and adding a foam divider between the hot and cold sides is a $15 job that owners report boosts vent airflow by 40%+ and noticeably drops the noise - often the difference between "needs replacing" and "works like new."
Sizing a whole house instead? Use our main AC tonnage calculator, or the mobile home AC calculator for manufactured housing. For a room unit, see the window AC BTU calculator or portable AC calculator.